#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

extern const char *__progname;

/* mulaw seems to be a floating-point format that splits up eight bits as
   sign(1), exponent(3), mantissa(4) - and for then some incomprehensible
   reason bit-complements the whole thing. */
static unsigned char linear_to_ulaw(signed long int linear)
{
 unsigned char sign;
 unsigned char exp;
 unsigned char mant;
 static unsigned exptbl[128] = { 0,1,2,2,3,3,3,3,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,
				 5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,
				 6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,
				 6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,
				 7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,
				 7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,
				 7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,
				 7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7 };

 if (linear < 0)
  { linear = - linear;
    sign = 0x80;
  }
 else
  { sign = 0;
  }
 linear += 0x84; /* where does this magic number come from?? */
 if (linear > 32767) linear = 32767;
 exp = exptbl[linear>>8];
 mant = (linear >> (exp+3)) & 0xf;
 return(~(sign|(exp<<4)|mant));
}

int main(void);
int main(void)
{
 int c1;
 int c2;

 while (1)
  { c1 = getchar();
    if (c1 == EOF) exit(0);
    c2 = getchar();
    if (c2 == EOF) exit(0);
    putchar(linear_to_ulaw((short int)((c1<<8)|c2)));
  }
}